Human Response to Vibration
by: Neil J. Mansfield
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Topics include: daily vibration exposure, vibration emission values, triaxial measurements, human vibration meters, seat transmissibility, transmissibilities measured, antivibration gloves, vibration dose value, exposure action values, weighted vibration, testing the dynamic performance, worst axis, sensory rearrangement theory, axis multipliers, frequency weighted acceleration, transmitted vibration, vibration assessments, body vibration exposures, vibration comfort, vibration axes, motion sickness incidence, sensory conflict, exposure limit values, vibration magnitudes, frequency weightings
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Introduces wave theory, vibration classification, and vibration axes
Coincides with the introduction of regulation concerned with occupational vibration exposure
Examines whole-body vibration standards
Analyzes vibration measurement topics including measurement flow, human vibration meters, and accelerometersAudience
Through continued collaboration and the sharing of ideas, data, and results, the international community of researchers and practitioners has developed an understanding of many facets of the human response to vibration. At a time when the EU is preparing to adopt a directive on health risks arising from occupational exposure to vibration, Human Response to Vibration offers authoritative guidance on this complex subject.
Individual chapters in the book examine issues relating to whole-body vibration, hand-arm vibration, and motion sickness. Vibration measurements and standards are also addressed. This book meets the needs of those requiring knowledge of human response to vibration in order to make practical improvements to the physical working environment. Written with the consultant, practitioner, researcher, and student in mind, the text is designed to be an educational tool, a reference, and a stimulus for new ideas for the next generation of specialists.
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION TO VIBRATION
Human Response to Vibration in Context
Introduction to Wave Theory
Classification of Vibration
Vibration Axes
WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION
Introduction
Whole-body Vibration Perception
Whole-body Vibration Comfort and Discomfort
Health Effects of Whole-body Vibration
Seating Dynamics
Biomechanical Responses to Whole-body Vibration
MOTION SICKNESS
Introduction
Signs and Symptoms of Motion Sickness
The Cause of Motion Sickness
Travel Sickness
Simulator Sickness
Relative Sensitivity to Simulated Motion of Different Frequencies
Habituation to Motion Sickness
Prevention of Motion Sickness
HAND-TRANSMITTED VIBRATION
Introduction
Hand-transmitted Vibration Perception
Health Effects of Hand-transmitted Vibration
Classification and Diagnosis of Hand-arm Vibration Syndrome
Reducing Risks from Hand-transmitted Vibration
VIBRATION MEASUREMENT
Introduction
Measurement Flow
Human Vibration Meters
Data Acquisition Systems
Accelerometers
Signal Conditioning
Calibration of Human Vibration Measurement Systems
Signal Processing
Successful Vibration Measurement
Case Study 1
Case Study 2
WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION STANDARDS
Introduction
Standardisation Bodies
Legal Position of Standards
Standards for Whole-body Vibration Measurement and Assessment
Standards for Determining Vibration Exposures in Specific Vehicles
Standards for Determination of Whole-body Vibration Emission Values for Mobile Machinery
Standards for Testing Vehicle Seats in the Laboratory
HAND-TRANSMITTED VIBRATION STANDARDS
Introduction
Standards for Hand-transmitted Vibration Measurement and Assessment
Standards for Determining the Vibration Emission Value of Tools and Hand-guided Machines
Standards for Testing the Dynamic Performance of Anti-vibration Gloves
EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES
Introduction
Development of European Directives
Legal Position of European Directives
The 'Machinery Safety Directive': Directive 98/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Approximation of the Laws of the Member States Relating to Machinery
The 'Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive': Directive 2002/44/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Minimum Health and Safety Requirements Regarding the Exposure of Workers to the Risks Arising form Physical Agents (Vibration)
The 'Physical Agents (Noise) Directive': Directive 2003/10/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Minimum Health and Safety Requirements Regarding the Exposure of Workers to the Risks Arising form Physical Agents (Noise)
References
Index