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There are two force-measuring methods:
direct and indirect.
Direct Force-Measuring Method
Direct
force-measurement requiress splitting the component or member perpendicular
to the load path so that the engineer is able to mount the calibrated-force
sensor. As this substantially interferes with the existing structure,
the mounted force sensor must meet the component's strength and rigidity
requirements. The measuring range of the sensor must be wider than the
variation in the process force to be measured. Nevertheless, this method
of mounting has the major advantage that, irrespective of its point of
application, the force acting can always be measured accurately and with
good linearity.
Application: 1-component and multicomponent force measurement in the laboratory, measurement of small forces, wherever measurement of absolute force is required.
Best sensors for this application: Calibrated one-component and multi-component force sensors.
Indirect Force-Measuring Method
If
very large forces have to be measured or the component can't be split,
a force-shunt method of measurement should be used. The sensor is mounted
in a suitable position along the component's load path and firmly clamped
to the structure. It then measures only part of the process force to be
determined. This component is smaller or larger depending on the mounting
configuration. The advantage of this method of mounting is that it involves
relatively little interference with the existing structure. Only one sensor
with a smaller measuring range is still needed. Once the sensor has been
mounted, in-situ force calibration is required to determine the sensitivity
of the measurement setup.
Application: Should only be used for measurement of forces with fixed point of application. E.g. monitoring press processes.
Best sensors for this application: one-component force sensors and strain sensors.