Evaluating the Measurement Uncertainty: Fundamentals and Practical Guidance
by: I Lira
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It is now widely recognized that measurement data should be properly analyzed to include an assessment of their associated uncertainty. Since this parameter allows for a meaningful comparison of the measurement results and for an evaluation of their reliability, its expression is important not only in the specialized field of scientific metrology, but also in industry, trade and commerce. General rules for evaluating and expressing the uncertainty are given in the internationally accepted ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, generally known as the GUM. The present practical handbook, Evaluating The Measurement Uncertainty, details the theoretical framework on which the GUM is based and provides additional material on more advanced topics such as least-squares adjustment and Bayesian statistics. It does not require previous knowledge other than elementary calculus, and can be read as a complement to the GUM or as a stand-alone reference source. It stresses fundamental principles and illustrates their applications through numerous examples taken from many different fields of metrology. The inclusion of practical guidance in addition to the theoretical aspects results in a text that will be invaluable to metrologists, engineers, physicists and graduate students involved with measurements in academia and industry.
Table of Contents
Metrology, its role in today's world
Basic concepts and definitions
Evaluating the standard uncertainty
Evaluating the expanded uncertainty
The treatment of several measurands
Bayesian inference
Appendix: Probability tables
Glossary
References
Index
". . . concise, precise and easy to follow. I like it. I will recommend it to my other colleagues."
Felipe Urresta
"Evaluating the Measurement Uncertainty is a book written for anyone who makes and reports measurements. It attempts to fill the gaps left out of the ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, or the GUM, and does a pretty thorough job.. Evaluating? gives lots of explanations. It is well-written and makes use of many good figures and numerical examples. Also important, this book is written by a metrologist from a National Metrology Institute, and therefore up-to-date ISO rules, style conventions and definitions are correctly used and supported throughout. The author sticks very closely to the GUM in topical theme and with frequent reference? I think this book is a fitting companion to the GUM because the text complements the GUM, from fundamental principles to more sophisticated measurement situations, and moreover includes intelligent discussion regarding intent and interpretation. Evaluating? is detailed, and I think most metrologists will really enjoy the detail and care put into this book.
Dr. Jennifer Decker, Institute for National Measurement Standards, National Research Council Canada
". . . this book certainly deserves careful consideration. If you go through it, you quickly realize that it is a multi-faceted book . . . it is also a rich collection of examples and sometimes of curiosities taken from a wide spectrum of specialized applications. . . the book represents a good tool for anybody wishing to understand better the topic of measurement uncertainty . . . I warmly recommend you to read and consider the contents of this book."
Walter Bich in Measurement Science and Technology
"The book provides a sound coverage . . . the treatment is clear and can be followed by readers with knowledge of basic algebra and elementary calculus . . . Practitioners who need to provide valid uncertainties and who wish to understand the science that underpins good practice in the area will benefit from this welcome book."
Maurice Cox in Engineering Science and Education Journal, vol. 11no. 5, October 2002
"[The Book] is most welcome as a textbook intended to introduce the non-expert into the methods recommended by GUM . . . his book is certainly far more approachable than the document it seeks to elucidate, and is so far the only place for the uninitiated to start . . . any student who would like to understand those mysteries would do well to start here."
Am J Phys, vol. 71, No. 1, January 2003
"The present book is one of the most comprehensive ones published so far . . . It is a valuable addition to the uncertainty literature and is useful for trainee metrologists as well as those having significant experience in the metrology field. In addition, personnel such as quality assurance officers and production engineers working in industry will also find the book useful."
Dr G. M. S de Silva in Measurement and Control, March 2003
"Lira presents a delightfully readable, though very mathematical, discussion using experimental examples, stepping through the statistical analysis. . . Any upper level undergraduate science student will appreciate the explanations of the various measurement procedures and the application of statistical methods. . . This book brings together for the student, as well as, the researcher the statistical application to the 'bench work.' . . . This work helps the practitioner understand the process of measurement and the precision or uncertainty of those measurements. Upper level undergraduates, graduate students and researchers will find this book useful. Recommended for academic libraries."
E-STREAMS, Vol. 6, No. 1
"Ignacio Lira's book is a textbook presentation on how to handle uncertainty in measurement. It is intended both as a manual for self-study accessible to metrology students and as a complement to the authoritative ISO publication Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement. The intended audience is varied, ranging from metrologists in national institutes and calibration laboratories through students and teachers of courses on quality, metrology, instrumentation and related subjects to researchers carrying out experimental work in all fields of science and technology."
R G Cameron in Contemporary Physics 2003, 44(4)
"Ignacio Lira's book is a textbook presentation of how to handle uncertainty in measurement. It is intended both as a manual for self-study accessible to metrology students and a as a complement to the authoritative ISO publication Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement. The intended audience is varied, ranging from metrologists in national institutes and calibration laboratories through students and teachers of courses on quality, metrology, instrumentation and related subjects, to researchers carrying out experimental work in all fields of science and technology.
Evaluating the Measurement Uncertainty could serve as a more rigorous companion text for advanced study and would enable the reader to gain an in-depth understanding of measurement uncertainty and to carry out detailed analysis of measurements."
Dr R G Cameron (Bradford Royal Infirmary), Contemporary Physics 2003, 44
concise, precise and easy to follow. I like it. I will recommend it to my other colleagues."
Felipe Urresta
"Evaluating the Measurement Uncertainty is a book written for anyone who makes and reports measurements. It attempts to fill the gaps left out of the ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, or the GUM, and does a pretty thorough job.. Evaluating? gives lots of explanations. It is well-written and makes use of many good figures and numerical examples. Also important, this book is written by a metrologist from a National Metrology Institute, and therefore up-to-date ISO rules, style conventions and definitions are correctly used and supported throughout. The author sticks very closely to the GUM in topical theme and with frequent reference? I think this book is a fitting companion to the GUM because the text complements the GUM, from fundamental principles to more sophisticated measurement situations, and moreover includes intelligent discussion regarding intent and interpretation. Evaluating? is detailed, and I think most metrologists will really enjoy the detail and care put into this book.
Dr. Jennifer Decker, Institute for National Measurement Standards, National Research Council Canada
". . . this book certainly deserves careful consideration. If you go through it, you quickly realize that it is a multi-faceted book . . . it is also a rich collection of examples and sometimes of curiosities taken from a wide spectrum of specialized applications. . . the book represents a good tool for anybody wishing to understand better the topic of measurement uncertainty . . . I warmly recommend you to read and consider the contents of this book."
Walter Bich in Measurement Science and Technology
"The book provides a sound coverage . . . the treatment is clear and can be followed by readers with knowledge of basic algebra and elementary calculus . . . Practitioners who need to provide valid uncertainties and who wish to understand the science that underpins good practice in the area will benefit from this welcome book."
Maurice Cox in Engineering Science and Education Journal, vol. 11no. 5, October 2002
"[The Book] is most welcome as a textbook intended to introduce the non-expert into the methods recommended by GUM . . . his book is certainly far more approachable than the document it seeks to elucidate, and is so far the only place for the uninitiated to start . . . any student who would like to understand those mysteries would do well to start here."
Am J Phys, vol. 71, No. 1, January 2003
"The present book is one of the most comprehensive ones published so far . . . It is a valuable addit
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