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Here, we’ve put together a practical, up-to-date guide on power distribution,
focusing mostly on “medium”
voltage (1-35 kV) power considerations, switchgear, power cables,
transformers, power factor correction, grounding/earthing, lightning protection
and network studies. You’ll gain useful, practical and technical know-how
in these areas -- stuff not always covered by university or college programs.
Those who may find this guide useful include:
- Electrical engineers
- Design engineers
- Project engineers
- Electrical/maintenance technicians
- Protection technicians
- Maintenance technicians and supervisors
Overall learning goals:
- Understand practical power distribution fundamentals
- Determine short-circuit ratings quickly and effectively
- Assess the influence of fault levels on switchgear ratings
- Select the correct type of switchgear for the right application
- Evaluate the advantages of modern state-of-the-art switchgear protection for your applications, including preventative maintenance information
- Recognize the different applications for various cable insulation types
- Know when and how to use single core cables vs three core cables
- Specify correct power cable installation methods
- Correctly utilize and protect power transformers
- Assess and specify correct grounding throughout your electrical network
- Determine the need for Power Factor Correction (PFC) for your environment
- Assess the economic justification for installing PFC equipment
- Correctly specify PFC equipment and be aware of practical consequences
- Confidently use software to solve and predict simple power network problems
0. Article Index and Overview (this page)
1. Power distribution: Introduction
2. Medium-voltage switchgear
- Standards
- Switch board layout
- Ratings
- Types of MV switchgear
- Insulation methods
- Types of closing mechanisms
- Internal arc proofing
- Modern protection relays used with switchgear
3. Power cables
- Introduction
- Paper-insulated lead-covered (PILC) cables
- Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables
- Elastomeric cables
- Aerial bundled conductors (ABC)
- Overhead aluminum conductors
- Cable selection
- Transport, handling and installation of electric cables
- Paper-insulated and lead-covered (PILC) 6.35/11 kV cables
- Medium-voltage XLPE-Insulated, PVC-Bedded, SWA, PVC-sheathed cables
- Low-voltage PVC- and XLPE-insulated 600/1000 V power cables
4. Electric Power Distribution and Compensation
- Introduction
- Series capacitors
- Shunt capacitors
- Shunt reactors
- Synchronous compensators
- Static VAR compensators
- Distribution applications -- shunt capacitors
- Caution: effect of shunt capacitors on induction motors
5. Transformer theory and application
- Intro to Transformer theory
- Transformer design applications
- Transformer construction / installation
- Transformer protection
- Protection Relays
6. Grounding, earthing and transient overvoltage protection
7. Power system analysis software
- Introduction
- Load flow
- Sizing study; Fault analysis
- Transient stability; Fast transients; Reliability
- 2nd generation programs; Graphics; Protection
- Other uses for load flow analysis; Extensions to transient stability analysis; Voltage collapse
- SCADA (also see separate guide: Practical SCADA); Power quality
- Finite element analysis; Grounding; Other programs; Further development of programs; Program suites; Conclusions
8. Power system automation in the 21st Century
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