Data Acquisition Systems (DAQ) and Equipment--Sitemap and Complete Articles List



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Articles relating to data-acquisition input and output devices:




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Fundamentals of Transducers


  1. Overview of Transducer Technology: Passive and Active Transducers • Input and Output Transducers • Examples of Transducers • Transducer Applications • Efficiency • Resolution and Accuracy •  Sensitivity • Response Time • Hysteresis • Useful Life


  2. Simple Electromechanical Transducers: Closed-Loop Circuit • Linear or Rotary Inputs • Types of Potentiometers • Potentiometers as Computers •  Diaphragms and Bellows • Electric Motors as Transducers • Electric Tachometers • Portable Electric Tachometer • Simple Probes


  3. Potentiometric Devices: Carbon-Track Potentiometers • Wirewound Potentiometers • Conductive-Plastic Potentiometers • Cermet Potentiometers • Temperature Coefficient of Resistance •  Noise-Working Modes • Potential Divider Circuit


  4. Strain Gauges: Piezo-resistive Strain Gauges-Fatigue Life • Temperature Effects • Diaphragm Bonded Strain Gauges • Gauge Factor • The Wheatstone Bridge


  5. Capacitive Transducers: Linearity • Accuracy • Sensitivity • Measuring Instruments • Resolution • Stability and Drift • Associated Circuits • Linear Displacement Capacitive Transducer •  Instrumentation


  6. Properties of Piezoelectric Materials: Piezoelectric Parameters • Equivalent Circuits • Charge Sensitivity • Frequency Response • Linearity • Cross-Axis Sensitivity • Use in Magnetic Fields • Signal Treatment


  7. Piezoelectric Transducers: Distortion and Electricity • Plate Action • Selection of Material • Charge and Voltage Modes


  8. Load Cells: Electronic Weighing • High-Capacity Load Cells • Load Cell Disposition • Solid-State Indicators • Hydraulic Load Cells  •  Non-axial Loads


  9. Magnetic and Inductive Transducers: Hall-Effect Sensors • Output Circuits • Magnetic Velocity Transducers


  10. The Differential Transformer: Instrumentation • LVDT Gauge Heads • Economy Gauge Heads-Precision Gauge Heads • Ultra-precision Gauge Heads-Pneumatically Actuated Gauge Heads-Lever- or Finger-Probe Gauge Heads • Environment Effects •  Advantages of LVDTs • Rotary Variable-Differential Transformers • Characteristics of the RVDT • Applications


  11. Digital Transducers: Signal Output • Limitations of Magnetic Pickups • Rotary Digitizers • The Dual-Pulse RPG • The Disk and the Signal • Electronic Interface • Selecting the Right RPG


  12. Photoelectric Devices: Making a Solar Battery • Other Photovoltaic Cells •  Photoconductive Cells • Photodiodes-Phototransistors •  Annunciator Photorelay • Annunciator Relay with “Hold” •  Extra-Sensitive Annunciator Relay • The Opto-isolator •  Photoelectric Controls • Scanning Techniques • Through Scan • Reflective Scan • Retroreflective Scan • Specular Scan • Diffuse Scan • Color Differentiation-Sensitivity Adjustment


  13. Sensors: Temperature Sensing • Thermistor and Resistance Probes • Ceramic Temperature Sensors • Solid-State Temperature Sensors • Pyrometers • Heat-Sensitive Materials • Light Sensors • Proximity Sensors • Fiber-Optic Tachometer


  14. Thermocouples: Principle of the Thermocouple - Characteristics of Thermocouples – Construction- Thermocouple Circuits


  15. Bimetal Strips: Straight-Strip Deflection • Free-End Movement • Coiled Bimetal Strip


  16. Infrared Techniques: Blackbody Concept – Emissivity - Gray Bodies and Colored Bodies - Thermo-graphic Images - Filters – Presenting the Thermal Picture • Color Presentation • Picture Analysis


  17. Interference: What is lnterference?  •  AC Hum • Other External Interference • Internal Interference • Interference to Other Devices


  18. Pressure Transducers: Diaphragm Pressure Transducers - Strain-Gauge Pressure Response • Input and Output Impedances • Zero Offset • Excitation Voltage •  Piezoelectric Pressure Transducers - Capacitance Pressure Transducers – Inductive/Reluctance Pressure Transducers


  19. Accelerometers: Open-Loop Accelerometers - Practical Accelerometers - Thermal Effects - Examples of Design - Signal Conditioning - Strain-Gauge Accelerometer-Signal Conditioning


  20. Measurement of Force and Torque: Designing the Spring Geometry • Torsion Springs-Measuring Torque • True Transducers - Electric Current into Torque


  21. Transducers for Measuring Electrical Quantities: Analog Transducers - Transducers for Digital Instruments


  22. Measurement of Noise: Basic Sound Measurement Technique -- Weighting Networks – Microphones – Microphone Calibration • Using Sound-Level Meters-Measuring Indoor Noise •  Reverberant Field - Semi-reverberant Field • Background Noise


  23. Acoustic Devices: The Dynamic Transducer • Electrostatic Transducers •  Piezoelectric Transducers • An Ultrasound Receiver • Experiments-An Ultrasound Transmitter


  24. Antennas: Receiving Antennas • Types of Receiving Antennas: Examples • Transmitting Antennas • Antenna Directivity and Gain • Polarization


  25. Proximity Sensors: Eddy-Current Proximity Probe • Simple Contacting Probes • Capacitive Proximity Probe • Level Detectors • Pneumatic Sensors


  26. Electronic Amplifiers: Low-Level Ac Amplifiers • Power AC Amplifiers • DC Amplifier • Switching (Pulse) Amplifiers


  27. Position Encoders: Acoustic Measurement of Distance • Electromagnetic Position Encoding • Other Position Sensors


  28. Vibration Measurement and Monitoring: Vibration Measurement • Vibration Monitoring • Basic Vibration Monitoring System • Continuous or Periodic Measurements?


  29. Processors and Displays: Successive Approximation Digitizing • Voltage-to-Frequency Conversion • Voltage-to-Time Conversion • Data Logging • Computers and Analyzers


  30. Testing the Behavior of Structures: The Modal Domain • Modal Analysis • Excitation Methods • Hammer Technology

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Surges, Sags, and Spikes: Protecting DAQ Systems, Personal Computers, and Related Electronics from Electrical Power Problems

Recognizing Power Problems

Voltage Transients

Grounding

PC Power Supplies

Transient Suppression Devices

Surge Suppressors

Power-Line Conditioners

Voltage Regulators

Standby Power Systems

UPS Designs

LANs, Desktop Publishing, and Other Final Thoughts

Reading List

Glossary


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* Source: Control Engineering -- January 1, 2006

Updated: Friday, 10-Nov-2023 15:03 PST

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